Experts:
There are as many opinions as there are experts.
Diabetes
All you need to know to control diabetes with a healthy diet, regular exercise, blood glucose monitoring, medications, education and support.
DIET
A good diet plan is about having a budget of calories, carbs, protein and fats that you must eat during the day.
1st you need to calculate your caloric level.
Plan your menus for breakfast, lunch and dinner with the healthy meals
EXERCISE
If you want to lose weight,
reduce 500 calories from the daily caloric requirement you need to remain at your current weight.
maintain your current weight, you need to consume the same amount shown in the result.
gain weight, add 500 calories to the daily caloric requirement you need to remain at your current weight.
You must next calculate a 40-50% of those total calories as carbs, 30% of healthy fats, and 20-30% of lean protein.
Monitoring
Diabetes self management is checking your glucose.
Medications
Currently there are five classes of oral diabetes medications, all of which help in lowering blood glucose levels. These different classes of diabetes medications can be used in combination or with insulin to achieve control the blood sugar.
Classes and actions of medications:
Sulfonylureas stimulate the pancreas to make more insulin. The second- and third-generation ones are the best.
Biguanides shut off the liver's excess glucose production
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors slow absorption of carbs in the intestine
Thiazolidinediones increase the body's sensitivity to insulin
Meglitinides stimulate the pancreas to make more insulin
Class
Generic Name
Brand Name
Comments
How
Sulfonylureas
Chlorpropamide
first-generation
Diabinese
Use with caution in the elderly.May cause lows
With meal
Tolazamide
first-generation
Tolinase
May cause lows
With meal
Glyburide
second-
generation
Micronase
Diabeta
Glynase Pres Tab
Take 1 to 2 times a day.
May cause lows
With meal
Glipizide
second-
generation
Glucotrol
Glucotrol XL
Take 2 times a day or once with (XL).May cause lows
30 minutes before a meal
Glimepiride
third-generation
Amaryl
Take 1 time a day. May cause lows
With meal
Biguanides
Metformin
Glucophage
Not used with congestive heart, renal or liver problems. Check creatinine clearance if over 65 years of age.
With meal
Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Acarbose
Miglitol
Precose
Glyset
May have side effects in the gastrointestinal
tract.
With first bite of food
Thiazolidinediones
Rosiglitazone
Pioglitazone
Avandia
Actos
May reduce effectiveness of birth control pills.
Check liver enzymes as directed.
Take at same time each day
Meglitinides
Repaglinide
Prandin
Take with each meal. May cause lows
Before meals
These medications along with a balanced diet and exercise plan help control blood glucose levels. Medications should be taken at the same time each day or as directed by a health care provider.
